THE VIENNESE ORIGINS OF THE ENCOUNTER MOVEMENT, PAVING THE WAY FOR EXISTENTIALISM, GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHODRAMA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12926/m3vesb25Keywords:
GROUP PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHODRAMAAbstract
There are thousands of little groups today, spread over the American continent, especially in the U.S.A., practicing what is called "encounter groups," frequently not conducted by professionally trained leaders, but rather by laymen or "hippiephrenic" individuals. They have become part of our therapeutic culture in transition.
References
MORENO, J. L., Einladung zu Einer Begegnung, Anzengruber Verlag, Vienna, 1914.
JOHNSON, PAUL, Psychology of Religion, Abingdon Press, New York, 1959.
MORENO, J. L., Daimon, Anzengruber Verlag, Vienna, 1918-20.
MORENO, J. L., W h o Shall Survive?, Nervous and Mental Disease Publishing Company, Washington, D.C., 1934, Beacon House Inc., 1953.
MORENO, J. L., Sociometry, A Journal of Interpersonal Relations, published in 1937.
MORENO, J. L., The Words of the Father, Anonymously published in 1920, 1922 in German, 1941 by Beacon House Inc., Beacon, N.Y.
MORENO, J. L., M.D., Editor, Group Psychotherapy, Vol. 21 No. 2-3, p. 93, Beacon House Inc. Publisher.
BENNE, KENNETH D., AND MUNTYAN, BOZIDAR, Human Relations in Curriculum Change, The Dryden Press, New York, 1951.
BRADFORD, LELAND & SHEATS, PAUL, Complacency shock as a prerequisite to training, Sociatry, Vol. I I , No. 1-2, 1948.
BRADFORD, LELAND P., The use of psychodrama for group consultants, Sociatry, Vol. I, No. 2, 1947.
LEWIN, KURT AND LIPPITT, ROLAND, An experimental approach to the study of autocracy and democracy: a prelim. note, Sociometry, Vol. I, No. 2, 1938.
LEWIN, KURT, LIPPITT, RONALD, AND WHITE, RALPH K., Patterns of aggressive behavior in experimentally created social climates. Journal of Social Psychology, X, 271-299, May, 1939.
LEWIN, KURT, The research center for Group Dynamics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sociometry, Vol. VIII, No. 2, 1945.
LIPPITT, RONALD, An experimental study of authoritarian and democractic group atmospheres, University of Iowa Studies, XVI, 43-195, February, 1940.
LIPPITT, RONALD, The psychodrama in leadership training, Sociometry, Vol. VI, No. 3, 1943.
LIPPITT, RONALD, Reality practice as educational method, Sociometry, Vol. VII, No. 2, 1944.
LIPPITT, RONALD AND KURT LEWIN, 1890-1947, Adventures in the exploration of interdependence, Sociometry, Vol. X, No. 1, 1947.
LIPPITT, RONALD, BRADFORD, LELAND P., & BENNE, KENNETH D., Sociodramatic clarification of leader and group roles, Sociatry, Vol. I, No. 1, 1947.
LIPPITT, RONALD, Administrator perception and administrator approval: A Communication problem, Sociatry, Vol. I, No. 2, 1947.
LIPPITT, ROSEMARY, Popularity among preschool children. Child Development, XII, 305-332, December, 1941.
LIPPITT, ROSEMAR, Psychodrama in the home, Sociatry, Vol. I, No. 2, 1947.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Psychodrama, Sociometry, and Group Psychotherapy
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
- NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.