CRISIS AWARENESS TRAINING FOR HELPING PROFESSIONALS: AN APPLICATION MODEL
Keywords:
TRAININGAbstract
Over the past 30 years, crisis theory has grown from a promising concept to a cornerstone of intervention strategy in community mental health work. Lindemann's (1944) landmark study of survivors of the Coconut Grove fire in Boston focused attention on the necessary emergence of grief reactions as an adaptive, emotional response to loss. As crisis theory developed (Caplan, 1964), interest
grew in viewing many forms of threatening and disorganized behavior as human responses to precipitating stress, which, if recognized, could be channeled by a skilled crisis worker into opportunities for adaptive resolution (Parad, 1965; Paul, 1966). When, as a result of federal funding, communities became more responsive to mental health needs, crisis intervention programs were developed in diverse settings to counteract the toll taken by assault, suicide, marital discord and other types of human distress (see e.g., Bard, 1970; Lister, 1976; McGee, 1974; Parker & Meier, 1975; Rabkin, 1972; Specter & Claiborn, 1973).
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